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Prepared
by...
Virat Sirisanthana, M.D.
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Department
of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University
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| More
information of the illness......... |
| Family
History : Her mother awared of her HIV-infected status
at the time of anti-natal care, but she refused zidovudine
(AZT) protocol for fear of the cost. The infant
did not receive any Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
prophylaxis. |
Other
Laboratory Findings :
Serology : HIV-Ab : positive
Serum Enzymes: Lactate dehydrogenase: 1,300
units/L
Blood culture : no growth for bacteria and
fungus |
Course
in the hospital:
With respiratory support and anti Pneumocystis
carinii therapy, she gradually improved and could
be extubated in 7 days. |
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| Final
Diagnosis: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
in HIV-infected infant |
| Points
to learn : |
1.
The most common severe opportunistic infection in infants
born to HIV-infected mothers (although their HIV-infected
status have not yet been known) is Pneumocystis carinii
pneumonia.
2. Antinatal, perinatal and postnatal zidovudine regimen
could decrease HIV transmission from mothers to infants.
3. The zidovudine regimen is "free of charge"
to every Thai HIV-positive pregnant woman.
4. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis
should be given to every infant born to HIV-infected mother
until the infected status is established or until the
age of 6-12 month old. |
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